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Casodex prescription: Bicalutamide is an oral medication that is used for treating cancer of the prostate. It belongs to a class of drugs called anti-androgens which includes flutamide (Eulexin) and nilutamide (Nilandron). Androgens (an example of which is testosterone) are hormones that are produced and released by the adrenal glands. They are responsible for supporting (stimulating) tissues that primarily are thought of as male, for example, the male prostate gland. Male traits that also are influenced by androgens include facial and body hair and small breasts. Anti-androgens prevent the action of androgens by blocking the receptors for androgens on the cells of tissues, for example, the cells of the prostate gland. In addition to normal prostate cells, androgens also have been shown to stimulate the growth of cancer cells within the prostate. Bicalutamide is thought to prevent the growth of prostate cancer by blocking the effects of androgens on the cancer cells. Bicalutamide is used in combination with another medication, a gonadotrophin hormone releasing factor, to treat advanced prostate cancer.
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Why is this drug prescribed?
This drug contains the active ingredient bicalutamide, which is a type of drug known as an anti-androgen. It works by blocking the effects of male hormones such as testosterone.
Prostate cancers are sensitive to testosterone, and their growth is increased in the presence of this hormone. This is because testosterone binds to androgen receptors on the prostate cancer cells, and causes changes within the cells that result in faster growth of the cancer.
Bicalutamide works by preventing testosterone from binding to the androgen receptors on the prostate cancer cells. It therefore starves prostate cancer cells of testosterone, which prevents them growing. Eventually the prostate tumour will shrink.
Bicalutamide is used in two doses. Bicalutamide 150mg is used to treat locally advanced prostate cancer, either by itself, or in addition to treatment with either radiotherapy or surgery to remove the prostate gland. Bicalutamide 150mg is also used to treat locally advanced prostate cancer in people for whom surgical castration or other medical treatments are not appropriate or acceptable, provided the cancer has not spread to other parts of the body.
Bicalutamide 50mg is only used to treat advanced prostate cancer, and only in combination with either surgical castration, or a different type of anti-cancer drug known as a "gonadorelin analogue". This class of drugs can cause a short-term worsening of symptoms before the improvement begins, and bicalutamide can prevent this.
Treatments
* Prostate cancer
What side effects can this drug cause?
* Depression
* Impotence
* Weight gain
* Abnormal enlargement of breasts in men
* Dry skin
* Hot flushes
* Chest pain
* Hair loss
* Itching
* Weakness or loss of strength
* Decrease in the number of platelets in the blood
* Decreased sex drive
* Breast tenderness
* Liver disorders
* Disturbances of the gut such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea or abdominal pain
* Abnormal heart beats |